Music expresses that which cannot be said and when we are speechless music can help. music have always had a special place in Iranian lives , Here is an article to make the world aware of the rich culture of Iran, where music is deeply rooted in our culture.
Persian traditional music or Iranian traditional music also known as Persian classical music is the traditional and indigenous music of Iran .Persian traditional music is appreciated and enjoyed by all different ethnic groups across Greater Iran. Traditional Iranian music, consisting of instruments, songs and lyrics, from the thousands of years( BC) to the present day, has spread to everyone’s hearths and soul in the context of the Iranian people. The vast majority of Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Turkey are influenced by this music, each with its own contribution to the formation of this music. The foundation of Iran’s music dates back to the Sassanid era, and the early music records of Iran belong to this era.
Ancient Persians of antiquities (Achaemenid Empire – territory of modern Iran) – traditional Persian folk music from Lurestan (Lurs are aboriginal Persians), Iran. Ancient Persian people -Luri is one of the purest dialects of ancient Persian language.( The main musical instrument of Luri music is Kamancheh which is the old form of violin).
Persian music can be divided in various ways:
Geographically: Music in different parts of Iran.
Historically: Various music courses.
Philosophically: the division of music is as artistic and popular as it is.
Scientific: Contains theoretical science and practical science of music.
Applicable: Different uses of music, such as film music, children and …
Educational: Types of music teaching methods
Iranian music is also divided into musical regions such as Lorestan, Sistan and Baluchestan, Khorasan, Mazandaran, Gilan, and so on, each of which can be divided into smaller regions. For example, the music of Khorasan is divided into North Khorasan music, Torbat Jam music, and so on.
Iranian Traditional Music Instruments: The specific term of Persian in the context of musical instruments refers to all musical instruments, which used to be played in the Persian classical music like Persian tar, Persian santoor, Persian ney etc… All other instruments, which are not used to be played in Persian classical music and refers to an Iranian ethnicity.
Daf
The Daf is a large Middle Eastern frame drum used in popular and classical music. The frame is usually made of hardwood with many metal ringlets attached, and the membrane is usually goatskinDaf is one of the most ancient frame drums in Asia and North Africa. As an Persian instrument, in 20th century, it is considered as a Sufi instrument to be played in Khanghah-s for Zikr music but now this percussion instrument has recently become very popular and it has been integrated into Persian art music successfully. The earliest evidence of the Dap (Daf) dates back to Sassanid Iran. The Pahlavi (an ancient Iranian language) name of the daf is dap. The word daf is therefore the Arabicized form of the word dap. Some pictures of dap have been found in paintings that date before the Common Era.
Dotar
Dotar has a history of few thousand years ago. This instrument can be seen in different areas, with a slight change in the shape and manner of playing.
The Dotar (literally in Persian meaning “two strings”), and it comes from a family of long-necked lutes and can be found throughout Central Asia, the Middle East and as far as the North East of China in Xinjiang too.
Now days In Iran, the Dotar is played mainly in the north and the east of Khorasan as well as among the Turkmen of Gorgan and Gonbad. The instrument remains the same but its dimensions and the number of its ligatures vary slightly from region to region. Two types of wood are used in the fabrication of the dotar. The pear-shaped body is carved out of a single block of mulberry wood. Its neck is made of either the wood of the apricot or the walnut tree. It has two steel strings, which in the past were made of silk or animal entrails. The dotar is tuned in fourth or fifth intervals.
Kamanche
The Kamanche is a national instrument of our country ,From the Safavid dynasty, Kamancheh is one of the pillars of Iranian music. Later, in the period of Mozaffaroddin Shah, after the violin came to Iran, the arc of Kamanchee lost its name and became the cache, which is a French word (archet is derived from the word arc, the arc is a small arc).
The kamanche is a bowed spike fiddle. The instrument has four metal strings, and the body consists of a wooden hemisphere coverred with thin sheepskin membrane. Oddly, the instrument’s bridge runs diagonally across this membrane. The instrument is highly ornate and is about the size of a viola. The tuning varies depending upon the region of the country where it is being played. In Tehran, the kamanche is tuned in the same manner as a violin: G, D, A, E.
Nay
Nay is one of the oldest musical instruments. It is made from the plant of Nin and its name is derived from this plant. It is used worldwide in various shapes and sizes and is known by various names. In Iran, there is a very diverse sample of this constructor in different regions and is known by names such as wool, Nay, shishall,nay labak,sar nay,kar Nar, , lanyard, squash, and so on. The word “Nay” in the history of Iran has always reminded us of any type of wind turbine. Hakim Abu Nasr Farabi has studied various types of his most common time in music of al-Kabir’s music. Some of these tabby canes and others were similar to today’s, non-tabular. The nay is one of my favorite instruments. It is a vertical reed flute with a long history in Persian classical music. The instrument has six finger holes in the front and one in the back. I understand the instrument can be made with some success from PVC pipe.
Santur
Santour is played with two wooden beads, and its similarity to the instrument of the Ghanoon can only be sought in its appearance. This instrument did not exist until the middle of the Safavid rule, at least in the official and urban music of that time. But in the later miniatures, there is a SantorumThe santur is a struck zither in the form of a shallow, regular trapezoidal box. There are several sound posts inside the box, and two small rosettes on the top panel which help to amplify the sound. The santur has 72 strings, arranged in groups of four, i.e. each of four closely spaced strings are tuned to the same pitch. Each group of four strings is supported by a small,movable, wooden bridge; the bridges are positioned to give the instrument a range of three octaves.
Setar
Setar instruments is made from a family of stringed musical instruments. In the old days, because of its three pieces of wire , it has been called Se(tree) tar. But in the present era, all three known traces have quaternions.
The setar is a four stringed lute. Two of the strings are made of steel, two are of brass, and they are tuned to c, c semi-sharp, g, and c semi-sharp, respectively. In the above painting, it is depicted with a zarb. The average setar is 85 cm long, 20 cm wide, and has a 15 cm deep gourd, and is made entirely of wood. (Unlike the tar which has a membrane streched across the body.) Also, unlike the tar, the player plucks the strings with the nail of the index finger, instead of using a plectrum.
Tar
The tar is the most widely used plucked instrument in Iran today. It is a fretted lute with six strings, five of steel and one of brass. It has a long neck and a double bellied sound box, over which is streched a thin sheep skin membrane. The tunings of the strings are changed according to the dastgah that is being played, and the twenty six frets are movable. Finally, the strings are plucked with a plectrum.
Tombak
The dombak is the chief percussion instrument of Persian classical music. It is a one-headeddrum that is carved of a single piece of wood, and is open on the bottom. Across the larger, upper part of the body is streched a sheepskin membrane, that is glued into place. Thus, the instrument cannot be tuned; the performer prepares it for a piece by warming the membrane over a heater.
BGS Travel here with the aim of introducing Iran’s culture to the world with some of the most important musical instrument of Persian classical music , tries to The general term Iranian in the context of musical instruments refers to all instruments, which are originated by any Iranian folk like the term Iranian Daf.
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